yelow color

[doron]

he

i wonder if u can help me .
i'vgot 10 yellow discus but there color becam oreng/red .

what i can give them to eat so that the yellow color will be more dominat then the oreng ?

r there any food spesific to yellow discus ?

thank u all
doron

p.s

ssory about my whriting mestakes.

[Riche_guy]

Have you been feeding Tetra bits. I heard they promote red colours. Perhaps try other foods. Also if your fish were young, as they get older it is possible other dominant colours are coming in.

[April]

most foods have some enhancers in them..ocean nutrition formula one..tetrabits.etc etc.
most yellow fish..get oranger. not sure you can reverse it..my friend feeds his white ones tetrabits..and they are more yellow. all my yellow fish went orange.

[korbi_doc]

:D Most pelleted foods do contain color enhancers....I used Hai-Feng superbits...they come in red & "blue"...the blue is used for yellow &/or blue fish & my fish did keep the color....I tried to find the lg 1kg container with no luck, but the smaller should be available....some breeders also know of some foods for yellow fish...ask around....I also fed them frozen H.BWs, & earthworms with no color problem, or you could make your own BH, no shrimp,.....good luck, Dottie ;)

[crimson cross]

Try licourice powder. You can buy it from Oriental medicine stores. Mix it into your bh . hth.

[Greg Richardson]

I'd start your research with Caratenoids.

Complete nutrition for yellow canaries. Formulated to promote health, vigour, breeding and solid color in Canaries. Contains Yellow Color enhancer. (Caratenoids)


http://www.birdsupplynh.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=587

[doron]

thak's for all the inf'

i'v found this prodact :

http://www.everythingforpets.com/images/prod/7/prop_1_7273.jpg

what do u think ? sombady try it ?

[Greg Richardson]

Info below about the ingredient.
Looks like you could ground up spinach or kale to feed it.
That's why I love Beef Heart as you can adjust your food for what ever you are currently working on.


Lutein
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia





General
Synonyms Luteine; Lutein ester; trans-lutein; beta,epsilon-Carotene-3,3'-diol
IUPAC Name 4-[18-(4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl) -3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-octadeca -1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl] -3,5,5-trimethyl-cyclohex-2-en-1-ol
CAS Number 127-40-2
Chemical formula C40H56O2
Chemical properties
Molecular weight 568.871 g/mol
Color Red-orange
Form Crystalline
Solubility Organic/fat soluble, aqueous insoluble
Molar absorption coefficient (EtOH) 255 ml/(mg*cm)
λmax 446 nm
Toxicity GRAS
Deficiency symptoms
Eye damage
Pale, dry skin

Excess symptoms
Carotenodermia

Common sources
Leafy vegetables
Egg yolk
Darkly colored fruits
Marigold petals

Lutein (LOO-teen) is one of over 600 known naturally occurring carotenoids. Found in green leafy vegetables such as spinach and kale, lutein is employed by organisms as an antioxidant and for blue light absorption. Lutein is covalently bound to one or more fatty acids present in some fruits and flowers, notably marigolds (Tagetes). Saponification of lutein esters yields lutein in approximately a 2:1 weight-to-weight conversion.

Lutein is a lipophilic molecule and is generally insoluble in water. The presence of the long chromophore of conjugated double bonds (polyene chain) provides the distinctive light-absorbing properties. The polyene chain is susceptible to oxidative degradation by light or heat and is chemically unstable in acids.

The principal natural stereoisomer of lutein is (3R,3'R,6'R)-beta,epsilon-Carotene-3,3'-diol.

Contents [hide]
1 As a pigment
2 Health benefits for eyes
3 Commercial value
4 References
5 External links



[edit]
As a pigment
This xanthophyll, like its sister compound zeaxanthin, has primarily been used as a natural colorant due to its orange-red color. Lutein absorbs blue light and therefore appears yellow at low concentrations and orange-red at high concentrations.

Lutein was traditionally used in chicken feed to provide the yellow color of broiler chicken skin. Polled consumers viewed yellow chicken skin more favorably than white chicken skin. Such lutein fortification also results in a darker yellow egg yolk. Today the coloring of the egg yolk has become the primary reason for feed fortification. Lutein is not used as a colorant in other foods due to its limited stability, especially in the presence of other dyes.

[edit]
Health benefits for eyes
Lutein was found to be present in a concentrated area of the macula, a small area of the retina responsible for central vision. The hypothesis for the natural concentration is that lutein helps protect from oxidative stress and high-energy light. Various research studies have shown that a direct relationship exists between lutein intake and pigmentation in the eye [1-7]. Several studies also show that an increase in macula pigmentation decreases the risk for eye diseases such as Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) [8-10].

Lutein is a natural part of human diet when fruits and vegetables are consumed. For individuals lacking sufficient lutein intake, fortification via vitamin tablets or lutein-fortified foods is available. As recently as 1996, lutein has been incorporated into dietary supplements. While no recommended daily allowance currently exists for lutein as for other nutrients, positive effects have been seen at levels of 6 mg/day [11]. The only definitive side effect of excess lutein consumption is the same observed for β-carotene overdose, namely bronzing of the skin (carotenodermia). The normal levels of Lutein found in a daily vitamin are 0.25mg.

The functional difference between the benefits of lutein and lutein esters is not entirely known. It is suggested that the bioavailability is lower for lutein esters, but much debate continues.

As a food additive, lutein has the E number E161b.

[edit]
Commercial value
The commerciality of lutein has recently exploded with an estimated market value of $139 million in 2004, compared to $64 million in 1999. It is one of the fastest growing areas of the $887 million carotenoid market [12]. There are several lutein ester suppliers, but few pure lutein suppliers due primarily to patent protections on obtaining purified lutein from natural products, namely marigolds. Nevertheless, the market value of lutein is anticipated to grow at an average annual growth rate (AARP) of over 6%.

[edit]
References
Malinow, M.R., et al., Diet-related macular anomalies in monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 1980. 19(8): p. 857-63.
Johnson, E.J., et al., Relation among serum and tissue concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin and macular pigment density. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jun; 71(6): 1555-62. PubMed Free text
Landrum, J., et al. Serum and macular pigment response to 2.4 mg dosage of lutein. in ARVO. 2000.
Berendschot, T.T., et al., Influence of lutein supplementation on macular pigment, assessed with two objective techniques. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000 Oct. 41(11): 3322-6; PubMed Free text
Aleman, T.S., et al., Macular pigment and lutein supplementation in retinitis pigmentosa and Usher syndrome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001 Jul; 42(8): 1873-81. PubMed Free text
Duncan, J.L., et al., Macular pigment and lutein supplementation in choroideremia. Exp Eye Res, 2002. 74(3): p. 371-81. PubMed
Johnson, E.J., et al., Nutritional manipulation of primate retinas, III: Effects of lutein or zeaxanthin supplementation on adipose tissue and retina of xanthophyll-free monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2005. 46(2): p. 692-702. PubMed Free text
Richer, S., ARMD--pilot (case series) environmental intervention data. J Am Optom Assoc, 1999. 70(1): p. 24-36. PubMed'
Richer, S., et al., Double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of lutein and antioxidant supplementation in the intervention of atrophic age-related macular degeneration: the Veterans LAST study (Lutein Antioxidant Supplementation Trial). Optometry, 2004. 75(4): p. 216-30. PubMed
A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age- related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8. Arch Ophthalmol, 2001. 119(10): p. 1417-36. PubMed
a Seddon, J.M., et al., Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and advanced age-related macular degeneration. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. JAMA, 1994. 272(18): p. 1413-20. PubMed
a GA-110R The Global Market for Carotenoids, Business Communications Company, Inc.